Which beer style is characterized by a high level of hop bitterness?

The India Pale Ale (IPA) is characterized by a high level of hop bitterness, which is one of the hallmark traits of this beer style. IPAs are known for their strong hop flavor and aroma, which derives from the generous use of hop varieties during brewing, particularly in the kettle and during dry hopping. The bitterness is typically measured in International Bitterness Units (IBUs), and IPAs often range from moderate to very high IBU levels, making them one of the most hop-forward styles.

The style originated as a way for brewers to ensure their beer could survive long sea voyages to British colonies by using extra hops as a preservative. As a result, IPAs often feature a complex interplay of hop flavors and aromas, which can include floral, citrus, pine, and resin characteristics, alongside a balanced malt backbone. The focus on hop bitterness is a defining feature that distinguishes IPAs from other styles that may have varying levels of hop presence but do not showcase it as prominently.

In contrast, other beer styles in the question do not emphasize hop bitterness to the same extent. Pale Ales do contain hops, but generally have lower bitterness than IPAs. Stouts tend to focus more on roasted malt flavors, while Wheat Beers are characterized